This thesis should analyze the effects of urbanization on biodiversity, focusing on mega-cities like New York, Tokyo, and São Paulo. Investigate how rapid urban expansion has led to habitat destruction, pollution, and species displacement. The thesis should include an assessment of the environmental challenges posed by urbanization and propose solutions for conserving biodiversity within urban environments, such as green infrastructure, urban forests, and wildlife corridors. Include case studies from cities that have successfully implemented biodiversity-friendly urban planning initiatives.